This Week in Tennis History: Federer, Nadal Start New Era

On May 15, 2006, the notoriously divided world of tennis found something that it could agree on: that the rivalry between Roger Federer and Rafael Nadal, after simmering for two years, had come to a boil over the course of a five-hour final at the Foro Italico in Rome.

More important, fans and media concurred, was that this clash of opposites was exactly what the sport needed. Borg–McEnroe, Evert–Navratilova, Sampras–Agassi. Tennis, that metaphorical duel, is at its best when there’s a tug of war between two top players. If the crushing, captivating five-set duel that Federer and Nadal staged was any indication, the stylish Swiss and the swashbuckling Spaniard were about to carry the game into a new golden age.

For once, the prophecies proved correct and the optimism was justified. Ten years later, we’re still living in the prosperous, golden era that Federer and Nadal kicked off that day. What no one could have known then, though, was that it would be the quality of their relationship, as much as the fierceness of their rivalry, that would put a unique, indelible stamp on the decade to come.

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“This is a day I cannot forget,” said Rome tournament director and longtime player-agent Sergio Palmieri in a soft voice of awe, as he looked back on the 2006 final. “What really hit me was how big the respect was between the two guys. The intensity of that match was really unbelievable.”

The 2006 Rome final was the Big Bang of our current tennis universe, and to watch it now is to feel its particular hothouse intensity all over again. Here was one of those rare moments when the sport’s future seemed at stake.

The match was played on a bright, warm day in the Foro Italico’s old, intimate Campo Centrale. It was so intimate, in fact, that there wasn’t much room for Federer and Nadal to maneuver as they backed each other up with topspin blasts and slid past the doubles alleys to track them down. The playing surface was a tight rectangle, and the presence of the ever- excitable Italian fans a few feet away only heightened the

tension of a match between the world’s top two players.

For his part, Nadal used every inch of clay available, and maybe a few inches that weren’t. Still a teenager, he was a rawer, spryer, more spontaneous and fearless version of the man we see now. This was the Rafa of the highlighter-green sleeveless shirt, the calf-length pirate pants, the shoulder-length hair. This was the Rafa who was happy to stand at the back of the court and run like mad all day. This was the Rafa who transformed every ball he hit into a flying topspin buzzsaw, grunted loudly during points and leaped high in celebration after them.

On the other side of the net, Federer was dressed in all white. If the colorful Nadal stood for the boldness of youth and a more physical future for tennis, the traditionally-attired Federer stood for the opposite. With his one-handed backhand, all-court savvy, serene demeanor and artistic racquet-work, Federer was the throwback who connected the modern power game with the grace and finesse of its past.

In 2006, the finest of his many fine seasons, the 25-year-old Federer would go 92–5, reach 16 of 17 finals and win three Grand Slam titles. To many, his success proved that style in tennis did matter; flawless technique led to flawless results. More than any other player, Federer had merged the aesthetic with the utilitarian. In the eyes of his fans, beauty, for the few hours when Federer was in full flight, really was truth.

The relative statures and opposing natures of Federer and Nadal in May 2006 helped create the exquisite tautness of the Rome final. This was a battle not just between tennis players, but between tennis philosophies. Did this Mallorcan muscleman really think he belonged on the same court as the Swiss maestro? Apparently so, to the dismay of traditionalists. Coming in, Nadal was 4–1 against Federer, and it was obvious that his heavy, lefty topspin was a potent weapon when aimed at the classicist’s one-handed backhand. Nadal had discovered Federer’s Kryptonite; he had found a flaw in the jewel. Of the five losses that Federer would suffer in 2006, four of them would come at the hands of Nadal.

“He doesn’t hit the ball flat and hard,” a flummoxed Federer said in 2004 after losing to a 17-year-old Rafa for the first time. “It’s more with a lot of spin, which makes the ball bounce, bounce high, and that’s a struggle I had today. I tried to get out of it, but I couldn’t.”

For the next two years, Federer and much of the tennis world faithfully waited for him to find his way out of Nadal’s trap. Ranked No. 1, Federer tried to pass off the defeats as part of the learning process. In April 2006, after losing to Nadal in another close final in Monte Carlo, Federer had maintained that he was a “step closer” to solving the Rafa riddle. Yet he also admitted that he couldn’t put his finger on why he was losing to him. “I also would like to be able to answer more clearly why it happened,” Federer said, “but I’ve got to change it next time. I’ve got to play aggressive.”

Federer lived up to his vow three weeks later in Rome. He came to the net 84 times and won 64 of those points. He controlled the rallies with his forehand rather than letting Nadal control them with his. He sent Rafa into the sideline walls with his sharp angles. He won the first set by playing a perfect 7–0 tiebreaker. In the fifth set, he led 4–1 and had two match points. In the deciding tiebreaker, he led 5–3.

Yet after all of that, Nadal ran away with the last four points and the title.

“I had a couple of match points, I pulled the trigger too early,” Federer said. “I definitely played some of the best attacking tennis on clay that I could play. But he defends so well and makes you doubt.”

In Rome, Federer felt something more than doubt. For the first time, he let his frustration with playing Nadal show.

During the match he looked toward the player’s box and asked, “Everything all right, Toni?” Was he talking to his coach, Tony Roche, or his agent, Tony Godsick? No, Federer was lobbing a little sarcasm in the direction of Rafa’s uncle. Federer felt that Toni Nadal was illegally giving his nephew advice.

“He was coaching a little bit too much again today,” Federer said. “Yeah, I caught him in the act.”

The handshake between the two was as hurried and icy as the match had been long and hot. Later, Federer called Nadal’s game “one-dimensional.” The next day, Nadal said of Federer, “He has to learn to be a gentleman even when he loses.”

Were the two about to follow in the footsteps of tennis rivals past and turn their matchup into a blood feud? Many promoters hoped the answer was yes. As the Associated Press wrote during that year’s French Open, “It wouldn’t hurt the TV ratings or buzz factor if there were a bit of animosity—or at least a difference of opinion [between the two].”

After Rome, Federer and Nadal each withdrew from the next tournament, in Hamburg. But they couldn’t avoid each other at the Laureus Sports Awards in Barcelona at the end of May. Federer was nominated for Sportsman of the Year, Nadal for Newcomer of the Year. Each won, and each found himself applauding for the other. Maybe it was these triumphs that softened the edge, but that moment marked the end of their early dissension and started their rivalry down a new track.

“We sat at the same table with the Princess of Spain between us,” Federer said, “and noticed that it wasn’t such a big deal.”

Over the course of five hours in Rome, each man had earned the other’s respect. Nadal had always known how good Federer was; now Federer knew that Nadal wasn’t going anywhere. There was room, it seemed, for both of them at the top.

“Such respect,” wrote British tennis journalist Chris Bowers of Federer and Nadal in 2014, “coupled with a modesty that was in no way false, allowed the two men to develop a friendship that, if not quite on the level of bosom buddies, stands in marked contrast to several previous rivalries that included an element of personal dislike.”

Three years and many epic matches later, Federer himself would marvel at how far his relationship with Nadal had come.

“I’m surprised by the degree to which we get along,” Federer told The Sunday Times in 2009. “We’ve had a very intense rivalry, and you could say he has hurt my career and that I’ve hurt his career. But we’ve actually helped each other become the players we are today, and the rivalry has helped the game.”

Ten years after Rome, waiting for another installment of Federer vs. Nadal is a little like waiting for The Beatles to get back together in the 1970s. You knew then that music had moved on to more technically impressive things, but The Beatles were still the originals, the totems of youth and innocence.

For anyone who came of age during this golden decade of tennis, or who came back to the game because of it, Federer and Nadal play the same foundational role. They’re the ones who started it all, who, like Romulus and Remus, conjured magic from dusty Roman clay. Whatever their rankings, whatever ups and downs they’ve had, that magical spark will always be there when they walk onto a court together. The tennis world may still not be able to agree on much, but we can agree on them.